Pinus palustris - Long-leaved Georgia, Swamp, or Pitch Pine
"CONSTITUENTS: Turpentine is obtained from the Pinus palustris and from other species of the pine in the form of an oleoresin.
PREPARATIONS: The oil distilled with six volumes of lime water, produces the Rectified oil of Turpentine (Oleum Terebinthinae Rectificatum). This is the form which should always be used in medicine. Dose: from one to ten minims. It should be given in an emulsion for gastric and intestinal disorders. For respiratory disorders, drop from two to five drops on a square of loaf sugar to be dissolved slowly on the tongue, and swallowed with the saliva. Terpene hydrate is formed by the action of nitric acid upon the rectified oil of turpentine, and alcohol. The product is distilled; it is crystalline, colorless, nearly odorless; slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol. Dose: from one to three grains. Terebene is obtained by the action of sulphuric acid on the rectified oil. The product is distilled. A colorless, thin, aromatic liquid is the result. It is soluble in alcohol, only slightly so in water. Dose: from three to fifteen minims.
Therapy: The specific indications suggest the use of turpentine in acute and chronic bronchitis when there is an excessive discharge of mucus. Its influence may be observed from the first.
It controls the cough, allays the excessive bronchial secretion, soothes the irritation throughout the chest, relieves the diffused soreness and promotes the cure. In pharyngitis and laryngitis it is of value also....
It is a remedy for acute and chronic nasal catarrh and if given persistently it will prove most serviceable, even in stubborn, chronic cases. In gastric or intestinal catarrh it is a remedy of much value given in proper doses in palatable emulsion. Pain due to this condition is quickly relieved by turpentine, and atonic, relaxed and enfeebled mucous or muscular structures quickly restored, and normal function attained...."
(Finley Ellingwood: The American Materia Medica, Therapeutics and Pharmacognosy, 1915)